BJKS Podcast

• 117. Kai Ruggeri: Global collaborations, Prospect Theory, and temporal discounting

  Kai Ruggeri is professor for health policy and management at Columbia University. We talk about his global collaborations, in which they studied various important decision-making aspects, including Prospect Theory and temporal discounting.BJKS Podcast is a podcast about neuroscience, psychology, hosted by Benjamin James Kuper-Smith.Support the show: https://geni.us/bjks-patreonTimestamps0:00:00: Why Kai studied stats anxiety in his PhD, and then moved to broader policy questions0:09:15: Replicating the original Prospect Theory paper across the world0:30:01: Adversarial collaborations and choosing which findings are worth being replicated0:38:31: How to run global collaborations0:56:25: Overlooked aspects of these global collaborations1:03:59: Should we collect data from non-Western countries without local collaborators?1:10:24: A book or paper more people should read1:16:38: Something Kai wishes he'd learnt sooner1:27:50: Advice for postdocsPodcast linksWebsite: https://geni.us/bjks-podBlueSky: https://geni.us/pod-bskyKai's linksWebsite: https://geni.us/ruggeri-webGoogle Scholar: https://geni.us/ruggeri-scholarBlueSky: https://geni.us/ruggeri-bskyBen's linksWebsite: https://geni.us/bjks-webGoogle Scholar: https://geni.us/bjks-scholarBlueSky: https://geni.us/bjks-bskyReferences, links & notesJunior Researcher Programme: https://jrp.pscholars.org/Today, Israel uses the Shekel, but when Kahneman & Tversky did research there, they used the Israeli pound: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israeli_poundProlific: https://www.prolific.com/Besample: https://besample.app/Kahneman's final decision: https://www.wsj.com/arts-culture/books/daniel-kahneman-assisted-suicide-9fb16124Gal & Rucker (2018). The loss of loss aversion: Will it loom larger than its gain? J Cons Psych.Kahneman & Tversky (1979). Prospect theory: an analysis of decisions under risk. Econometrica.Lewis (2016). The undoing project.Macher, ... & Ruggeri (2012). Statistics anxiety, trait anxiety, learning behavior, and academic performance. Europ J psych edu.Macher, ... Ruggeri, ... (2013). Statistics anxiety, state anxiety during an examination, and academic achievement. British J Edu Psych.Mellers, Hertwig & Kahneman (2001). Do frequency representations eliminate conjunction effects? An exercise in adversarial collaboration. Psych Sci.Parks, Joireman & Van Lange (2013). Cooperation, trust, and antagonism: How public goods are promoted. Psych sci in the public interest.Ruggeri, ... & Folke (2020). Replicating patterns of prospect theory for decision under risk. Nat Hum Behav.Ruggeri, ... & Folke (2021). The general fault in our fault lines. Nat Hum Behav.Ruggeri, ... & Toscano (2022). The globalizability of temporal discounting. Nat Hum Behav.Ruggeri (Ed.). (2018). Behavioral insights for public policy: concepts and cases.Thaler (2015). Misbehaving.

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• 116. Elsa Fouragnan: Transcranial Ultrasound Stimulation, brain surgery, and French Polynesia

  Elsa Fouragnan is an Associate Professor and UKRI Future Leader Fellow at the University of Plymouth. We talk mainly about her work on focussed transcranial ultrasound stimulation, a new non-invasive way other stimulating (human) brains, including deep areas that can't be reached with TMS. We also discuss her childhood in French Polynesia, how she started doing research, what it's like seeing a brain during surgery, and much more.This was the first episode I recorded in-person. The audio quality is really good, with the minor exception that I made a really silly error during editing, such that quiet parts are sometimes not entirely audible. A few words are not audible, but this shouldn't affect comprehension.BJKS Podcast is a podcast about neuroscience, psychology, and anything vaguely related, hosted by Benjamin James Kuper-Smith.Support the show: https://geni.us/bjks-patreonTimestamps0:00:00: Elsa's childhood in French Polynesia and in mainland France0:10:25: Why Elsa studied engineering and started doing research0:19:04: How Elsa started working on Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Stimulation0:23:08: What is Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Stimulation?0:28:20: Is it safe?0:36:12: What can you do with it/what kind of stimulations is it?0:53:41: The practicalities of using TUS1:04:42: What it's like to see brain surgery in the operating theatre1:10:11: Back to the skull being a problem and which brains regions can be reached with TUS?1:18:49: The future of TUS1:27:59: A book or paper more people should read1:30:13: Something Elsa wishes she'd learnt sooner1:34:51: Advice for PhD students/postdocsPodcast linksWebsite: https://geni.us/bjks-podBlueSky: https://geni.us/pod-bskyElsa's linksWebsite: https://geni.us/fouragnan-webGoogle Scholar: https://geni.us/fouragnan-scholarBlueSky: https://geni.us/fouragnan-bskyBen's linksWebsite: https://geni.us/bjks-webGoogle Scholar: https://geni.us/bjks-scholarBlueSky: https://geni.us/bjks-bskyReferences and linksUa Pou: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ua_PouFolloni, Verhagen, Mars, Fouragnan, ... & Sallet (2019). Manipulation of subcortical and deep cortical activity in the primate brain using transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation. Neuron.Liptrot (2015). The Outrun.Murphy & Fouragnan (2024). The future of transcranial ultrasound as a precision brain interface. PLoS Biology.Yoo, Mittelstein, Hurt, Lacroix & Shapiro (2022). Focused ultrasound excites cortical neurons via mechanosensitive calcium accumulation and ion channel amplification. Nature Communications.Yaakub, ... & Fouragnan (2024). Non-invasive Ultrasound Deep Neuromodulation of the Human Nucleus Accumbens Increases Win-Stay Behaviour. BioRxiv.

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• 115. Melinda Baldwin: A triple history of Nature, scientific journals, and peer review

  Melinda Baldwin is an associate professor of history at the University of Maryland. We talk about her work studying the history of Nature, scientific journals more broadly, what it means to be a scientist, peer review, the Tyndall project, and much more.BJKS Podcast is a podcast about neuroscience, psychology, and anything vaguely related, hosted by Benjamin James Kuper-Smith.Support the show: https://geni.us/bjks-patreonTimestamps0:00:00: Melinda's chemistry-history double major0:03:42: Why Melinda did a PhD on the history of Nature0:07:06: The glorious beginning of Nature and the history of scientific journals0:17:00: How Nature became a journal for scientists (rather than the educated general public)0:19:59: When did scientists start calling themselves 'scientists'? The mergence of science as a profession0:26:26: The history of peer review: How to get into Nature in the 19th century, and the rise of peer review during the Cold War0:40:53: Establishing causality in historical research0:48:33: The future of peer review1:06:16: Tyndall, why?1:19:02: A book or paper more people should read1:22:24: Something Melinda wishes she'd learnt sooner1:29:05: Advice for PhD students/postdocsPodcast linksWebsite: https://geni.us/bjks-podBlueSky: https://geni.us/pod-bskyMelinda's linksWebsite: https://geni.us/baldwin-webGoogle Scholar: https://geni.us/baldwin-scholarBlueSky: https://geni.us/baldwin-bskyBen's linksWebsite: https://geni.us/bjks-webGoogle Scholar: https://geni.us/bjks-scholarBlueSky: https://geni.us/bjks-bskyReferences and linkseLife peer review: https://elifesciences.org/about/peer-reviewJohn Tyndall project: https://tyndallproject.com/Baldwin (2017). In referees we trust? Physics Today.Baldwin (2018). Scientific autonomy, public accountability, and the rise of “peer review” in the Cold War United States. Isis.Baldwin (2019). Making" Nature" The History of a Scientific Journal.Gordin (2012). The pseudoscience wars: Immanuel Velikovsky and the birth of the modern fringe.Poehler (2014). Yes please.Zuckerman & Merton (1971). Patterns of evaluation in science: Institutionalisation, structure and functions of the referee system. Minerva.

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• 114: Steve Fleming: Lab culture, learning as a PI, and the allure of cognitive neuroscience

  Steve Fleming is a professor in psychology at University College London. I invited Steve to talk about his work on meta-cognition, but we ended up spending the entire episode talking about lab culture, starting a lab, applying for funding, Steve's background in music, and what drew him to do cognitive neuroscience. There's even a tiny discussion about consciousness research at the end.BJKS Podcast is a podcast about neuroscience, psychology, and anything vaguely related, hosted by Benjamin James Kuper-Smith.Support the show: https://geni.us/bjks-patreonTimestamps0:00:00: Steve ran his lab in London from Croatia for a few years 0:23:57: Lessons as a PI: students and postdocs are adults and will figure it out0:28:45: Learning more skills as a postdoc vs. starting a lab0:41:13: Contacting departments to apply for grants0:52:19: Steve's background in music1:07:13: What drew Steve to cognitive science? A brief discussion of the future of consciousness research1:27:23: A book or paper more people should read1:33:02: Something Steve wishes he'd learnt sooner1:38:16: Advice for PhD students/postdocsPodcast linksWebsite: https://geni.us/bjks-podBlueSky: https://geni.us/pod-bskySteve's linksWebsite: https://geni.us/sfleming-webGoogle Scholar: https://geni.us/fleming-scholarBlueSky: https://geni.us/fleming-bskyBen's linksWebsite: https://geni.us/bjks-webGoogle Scholar: https://geni.us/bjks-scholarBlueSky: https://geni.us/bjks-bskyReferences and linksFIL at UCL: https://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/ERC Starting Grant: https://erc.europa.eu/apply-grant/starting-grantWellcome Trust Early-Career Award (without strict time restrictions): https://wellcome.org/research-funding/schemes/wellcome-early-career-awardsExample paper by Josh Mcdermott on music: McDermott, Schultz, Undurraga & Godoy (2016). Indifference to dissonance in native Amazonians reveals cultural variation in music perception. Nature.Carter (2002). Consciousness.Chalmers (1995). Facing up to the problem of consciousness. Journal of consciousness studies.Dehaene, Al Roumi, Lakretz, Planton & Sablé-Meyer (2022). Symbols and mental programs: a hypothesis about human singularity. Trends in Cognitive Sciences.Isaacson (2021). The code breaker.Marr (1982). Vision: A computational investigation into the human representation and processing of visual information.Pinker (1997). How the mind works.Tononi (2004). An information integration theory of consciousness. BMC neuroscience.

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• 113. Damian Blasi: Over-reliance on English hinders cognitive science, linguistic diversity, how to study a language you don't speak

  Damian Blasi is a professor at the Pompeu Fabra University in Barcelona. We talk about his article 'Over-reliance on English hinders cognitive science', linguistic diversity, how to study across the world's languages, his career path, and much more.BJKS Podcast is a podcast about neuroscience, psychology, and anything vaguely related, hosted by Benjamin James Kuper-Smith.Support the show: https://geni.us/bjks-patreonTimestamps0:00:00: Why Damian studied physics0:06:31: How to deal with small, sparse, incomplete, imbalanced, noisy, and non-independent observational data0:09:38: Evolutionary advantages of different languages0:14:01: How Damian started doing research on linguistics0:20:09: How to study a language you don't speak0:28:58: Start discussing Damian's paper 'Over-reliance on English hinders cognitive science'0:48:25: What can experimental scientists do about the vast differences between cultures, especially of difficult to reach peoples? And how different are languages and cultures really?1:10:15: Why is New Guinea so (linguistically) diverse?1:17:34: Should I learn a common or a rare language? And where?1:29:09: A book or paper more people should read1:32:31: Something Damian wishes he'd learnt sooner1:33:56: Advice for PhD students/postdocsPodcast linksWebsite: https://geni.us/bjks-podBlueSky: https://geni.us/pod-bskyDamian's linksWebsite: https://geni.us/blasi-webGoogle Scholar: https://geni.us/blasi-scholarBlueSky: https://geni.us/blasi-bskyBen's linksWebsite: https://geni.us/bjks-webGoogle Scholar: https://geni.us/bjks-scholarBlueSky: https://geni.us/bjks-bskyReferencesWorld Atlas of Languages: https://en.wal.unesco.org/world-atlas-languagesThe Andamanese group that's hostile to strangers: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentinelese"the war situation has developed not necessarily to Japan's advantage" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hirohito_surrender_broadcastBakker (2022). The sounds of life.Blasi ... Neubig (2021). Systematic inequalities in language technology performance across the world's languages. arXiv.Blasi ... Bickel (2019). Human sound systems are shaped by post-Neolithic changes in bite configuration. Science.Blasi ... Majid (2022). Over-reliance on English hinders cognitive science. Trends in cognitive sciences.Everett (2023). A myriad of tongues.Floyd ... Enfield (2018). Universals and cultural diversity in the expression of gratitude. Royal Society Open Science.Gordon (2004). Numerical cognition without words: Evidence from Amazonia. Science.Hossenfelder (2018). Lost in math.Koyama & Rubin (2022). How the world became rich.Nettle (1998). Explaining global patterns of language diversity. Journal of anthropological archaeology.Pica ... Dehaene (2004). Exact and approximate arithmetic in an Amazonian indigene group. Science.Skirgård ... Gray (2023). Grambank reveals the importance of genealogical constraints on linguistic diversity and highlights the impact of language loss. Science Advances.

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